下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1. This was disaster on cosmic scale.

　　A. modest B. commercial　C. huge D. national

　　2. New secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity.

　　A. amazing B. depressing C. predictable D. dull

　　3.A person’s wealthis often in inverse proportion to their happiness.

　　A. equal B. certain　C.large D. opposite

　　4. His professional career spanned 16 years.

　　A. started B. changed　C. lasted D. moved

　　5. The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later.

　　A. eased B. improved　C.relieved D. appeared

　　6. The group does not advocate the use of violence.

　　A. limit B. support　C.regulate D. oppose

　　7. She felt that she had done her good deedfor the day.

　　A. actB. homework　C. justice D. model

　　8. Some of the larger birds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes.

　　A. motionless B. silent　C. seated D. true

　　9. There was an inclination to treat geography as a less importantsubject.

　　A. point B. result　C.finding D. tendency

　　10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.

　　A. sincere B. respectful　C. empty D. terrible

　　11. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.

　　A. copy B. publish　C.summarize D. furnish

　　12. That uniform makes the guards look absurd.

　　A. serious B. beautiful　C. impressive D. ridiculous

　　13. The department deferred the decision for six months.

　　A. put off B. arrived at　C. abided by D. protested against

　　14. The original experiment cannot be exactly duplicated .

　　A. invented B. reproduced　C. designed D. reported

　　15. The country was torn apart by strife.

　　A. conflict B. poverty　C. war D. economy

　　下面的短文列出了7个句子 请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提到的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的信息是错误的，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

　　Experience the World in 3D Game

　　Ever wondered how your cat or dog sees theworld? Now you can look through their eyes with the first 3D game thatrecreates the vision of different species based on scientific evidence.

　　The online simulation, created by the French3D design company Dassault Systèmes, with the guidanceof veterinary ophthalmologist (眼科专家)DidierSchmidt-Morand, mimics (模仿)the vision of five animals – cats dogs, rats, hawks and bees – as aplayer steers them through Place Vend洀攀 in Paris.

　　Due to differences in field of view, colourperception and night vision, for example, sight can be drastically differentfrom species to species. "In terms of performance, eyes are as variable asdifferent models of cars," says Schmidt-Morand.

　　The game was created by using existingvirtual models of the square then applying effects based on descriptions ofeach animal's vision. Dassault's 3D software allows a scene to be modified byadding blur or changing the colours, angle of vision and depth of field.

　　Although it was easy to recreate visioninferior to that of humans – cats and dogs, forexample, have trouble distinguishing shades of red –replicating features that we are unable to see was a challenge. Hawks have moredetailed vision than ours, whereas dogs are better at seeing movement and havea wider field of view. "We used virtual cameras to precisely simulatelarger viewing angles but the result made people nauseous(令人作呕的)," says Schmidt-Morand. "So we tweaked(微调) the model to give a sense of the wider view without sticking toreality."

　　The rat's view also departs from reality:because they are near-sighted, everything more than 15 centimetres away is ablur, so they typically move close to walls to help them navigate. "A ratwould never throw itself into the middle of an open area," saysSchmidt-Morand. The simulation for this animal is supplemented with a map inthe top right corner to help determine the rat's position: because of theirlimited eyesight, most landmarks are obscured.

　　The game is intended as an educationalresource and players can discuss their experience with others through communityfeatures on the website. If there is interest from schools and zoos, the teamhopes to recreate the vision of more animals.

　　16. The game developed by Dassault Systemesis the first 3D game recreating the vision of different species .

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　17.Dassault’s3Dsoftware takes different perspectives like color perception and angle of visioninto account .

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　18.The animals’viewsin the software are the same as those in reality .

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　19. Dogs have larger viewing angles thanhumans .

　　A. RightB. Wrong C. Notmentioned

　　20.It takes the team the longest time torecreate the rat’s view because they’re near-sighted .

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　21.The team is working on recreating thevision of more animals .

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　22.Schmidt-Morand’sfavorite animal is cat .

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　23. Paragraph 2 ___________

　　24. Paragraph 3 ___________

　　25. Paragraph 4 ___________

　　26. Paragraph 5 ___________

　　A. Rising of sea levels

　　B. Impact of burning fossil fuels

　　C. Fast feedbacks

　　D. Slow feedbacks

　　E. Unpredictability of feedback processes

　　F.A prediction of future climate change

　　27. Arctic ice has never been melting so fastin ___________.

　　28. Melting of snow and ice enables sunlightto reach ___________.

　　29. Zeebe came up with his future climateprediction by analyzing ___________.

　　30.After fossil fuels are used up, globalwarming will continue for ___________.

　　A. the exposed ground

　　B. a very long time

　　C. the extra heat

　　D. recorded history

　　E. previously published studies

　　F. rapid exaggeration of impacts

　　第一篇　The Northern Lights

　　The sun is stormy and has it own kind ofweather. It is so hot and active that even the Sun’sgravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check! Energy flows away from the Suntoward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speedsaround a million miles per hour. These particles are called plasma, and thestream of plasma coming from the Sun is called the solar wind. The more activethe Sun, the stronger the solar wind.

　　The solar wind constantly streams toward theEarth, but don’t worry because a protective magneticfields surrounds our planet. The same magnetic field that makes your compasspoint north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and southpoles. The charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth.When a large blast of solar wind crashes into the Earth’s magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic fieldlines break and reconnect.

　　The breaking and reconnecting of the magneticfield lines can cause atomic particles called electrons trapped in the belts tofall into the Earth’s atmosphere at the poles. As theelectrons fall into the Earth, they collide with gas molecules in theatmosphere, creating flashes of light in the sky.

　　Each atmospheric gas glows a different color.Oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green and nitrogen glows violet-purple. Asthese various colors glow and dance in the night sky, they create the NorthernLights and the Southern Lights.

　　Watching auroras(北极光)is fun and exciting, but normally you can only see them in places far northlike Alaska and Canada. The movement of the aurora across the sky is usuallyslow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate(跳动), flicker(闪烁), or even move like waves.During solar maximum, 5 auroras are seen as far south as Florida, even Mexico!Aurorasoften seem to be very close to the ground, but the lowest aurora is still about100 kilometers above the ground, a distance much higher than clouds are formedor airplanes can fly. A typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometerslong, a few hundred kilometers high, but only a few hundred meters thick.

　　We hope you are able to travel to far-northplaces like the Arctic Circle and see the Northern Lights at least once duringyour lifetime. We know you will never forget it!

　　36. The solar wind comes into being as aresult of______

　　A. disappearance of the Sun’s gravity.

　　B. unpredictable weather of the Sun.

　　C. fast flow of energy away from the Sun.

　　D. a stream of particles being blown away.

　　37. What happens when solar wind comes to theEarth?

　　A. A protective magnetic field is formed atthe same time.

　　B. It is trapped in magnetic belts around theEarth.

　　C. It destroys the protective magnetic fieldsurrounding the Earth.

　　D. It breaks magnetic field lines and doessevere damage to the ???

　　38. The Northern Lights are createdwhen______

　　A. atomic particles fall to the Earth and collidewith atmospheric gases.

　　B. the magnetic field lines fail toreconnect.

　　C. the electrons falling to the Earth shinein different colors.

　　D. oxygen and nitrogen are separated from theatmospheric gases.

　　39. Which of the following statements is trueof the Northern Lights?

　　A. Their movement is slow enough to be observedwith the eyes.

　　B. People cannot see them unless traveling toAlaska or Canada

　　C. They are very close to the ground.

　　D. They are very long and thick.

　　40. What is the author’s tone toward the Northern Lights?

　　A. Indifferent

　　B. Sarcastic

　　C. Sharp

　　D. Appreciative

　　Bored of using a mouse? Soon you'll be ableto change stuff on your computer screen – and then moveit directly onto your smartphone or tablet(平板电脑) –with nothing more than a glance.

　　A system called EyeDrop uses a head-mountedeye tracker that simultaneously records your field of view so it knows whereyou are looking on the screen. Gazing at an object – aphoto, say – and then pressing a key, selects thatobject. It can then be moved from the screen to a tablet or smartphone just byglancing at the second device, as long as the two are connected wirelessly.

　　"The beauty of using gaze to supportthis is that our eyes naturally focus on content that we want to acquire,"says Jayson Turner, who developed the system with colleagues at LancasterUniversity, UK.

　　Turner believes EyeDrop would be useful totransfer an interactive map or contact information from a public display toyour smartphone or for sharing photos.

　　A button needs to be used to select theobject you are looking at otherwise you end up with the "Midastouch"(点石成金) effect, whereby everything you lookat gets selected by your gaze, says Turner. "Imagine if your mouse clickedon everything it pointed at," he says.

　　Christian Holz, a researcher inhuman-computer interaction at Yahoo Labs in Sunnyvale, California, says thesystem is a nice take on getting round this fundamental problem of usinggaze-tracking to interact. "EyeDrop solves this in a slick (灵巧的)way by combining it with input on the touch devices we carry withus most of the time anyway and using touch input as a clutchingmechanism," he says. "This now allows users to seamlessly(无缝地) interact across devices far and close in a very naturalmanner."

　　While current eye-trackers are rather bulky,mainstream consumer devices are not too far away. Swedish firm Tobii isdeveloping gaze-tracking technology that can be installed in laptops andtablets and is expected to be available to buy next year. And the Google Glassheadset is expected to include eye-tracking in the future.

　　Turner says he has also looked at how contentcan be cut and pasted or drag-and-dropped using a mix of gaze and taps on atouchscreen. The system was presented at the Conference on Mobile andUbiquitous Multimedia in Sweden, last week.

　　41. The eye-tracker technology enables usto______

　　A. change our computer screen.

　　B. focus on anything that interests us.

　　C. get a smartphone connected wirelessly.

　　D. move an object from screen with a glance.

　　42. Why is a button needed?

　　A. To minimize the cost of EyeDrop.

　　B. To choose as many objects as possible.

　　C. To make EyeDrop different from others.

　　D. To select what we want.

　　43. The word “this” in Paragraph 6 refers to_______

　　A. application of gaze-tracking inhuman-computer interaction.

　　B. interaction between human and computer.

　　C. combination of gaze-tracking with input ontouch devices.

　　D. generalization of EyeDrop  system.

　　44. Which of the following statement is trueof eye-trackers for consumer devices.

　　A. They are costly.

　　B. They are available.

　　C. They are installed in Google Glassheadset.

　　D. They are expected to come out soon.

　　45. What is Turner likely to study next?

　　A. How to drag and drop with gaze and taps.

　　B. How to present the system in public.

　　C. How to get touch screen involved.

　　D. How to cut and paste content from a publicdisplay.

　A New Strategy to Overcome Breast Cancer

　　Post-menopausal(绝经后)womenwho walk for an hour a day can cut their chance of breast cancer significantly,a study has suggested. The report , which followed 73,000 women for 17 years, foundwalking for at least seven hours a week lowered the risk of the disease. TheAmerican Cancer Society team said this was the first time reduced risk wasspecifically linked to walking. UK experts said it was more evidence thatlifestyle influenced cancer risk.

　　A recent poll for the charity Ramblers aquarter of adults walk for no more than an hour a week, but being active isknown to reduce the risk of a number of cancers. This study, published inCancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers&Prevention, followed 73.615 women out of97,785 aged 50-74 who had been recruited by the American Cancer Society between1992 and 1993,so it could monitor the incidence of cancer in the group.

　　They were asked to complete questionnaires ontheir health and on how much time they were active and participating inactivities such as walking, swimming and aerobics(有氧运动)andhow much time they spent sitting watching television or reading. They completedthe same questionnaires at two-year intervals between 1997 and 2009.Of thewomen,47% said walking was their only recreational acivity. Those who walkedfor at least seven hours per week had a 14% lower risk of breast cancercompared to those who walked three or fewer hours per week.

　　Dr.Alpa Patel, a senior epidemiologist at theAmerican Cancer Society in Atlanta,Georgia,who led the study, said:”Given that more than 60% of women report some daily walking, promotingwalking as a healthy leisure-time activity could be an effective strategy forincreasing physical activity amongst post-menopausal women. We were pleased tofind that without any other recreational activity, just walking one hour a daywas associated with a lower risk of breast cancer in these women.””More strenuous(紧张的)and longer activitieslowered the risk even more.”

　　Baroness Delyth Morgan, chief executive ofBreast Cancer Campaign, said:”This study adds furtherevidence that our lifestyle choices can play a part in influencing the risk ofbreast cancer and even small changes incorporate into our normal day-to-dayactivity can make a difference.”

　　She added:”We knowthat the best weapon to overcoming breast cancer is the ability to stop itoccurring in the first place. The challenge now is how we turn these

　　findings into action and identify othersustainable lifestyle changes that will help us prevent breast cancer.”

　　31. All of the following factors relating tocancer risk were mentioned in the passage EXCEPT________

　　A. breathing exercise

　　B. regular walking

　　C. recreational activity

　　D. lifestyle choices

　　32. It can be inferred from Dr. Alpa Patel’s study that____.

　　A. women have fewer chances of physicalactivity

　　B. daily walking could cut the chance of breastcancer

　　C. leisure-time activity is not associatedwith cancer risk

　　D. walking is not recommended for women withbreast cancer

　　33. Dr. Alpa Patel was_____.

　　A. head of the survey study

　　B. chief editor of Cancer Epidemiology

　　C. chair of the American Cancer Society

　　D. chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign

　　34. Which of the following statements is trueaccording to the passage?

　　A. Most women take walking as their onlyrecreational activity.

　　B. The study aims to track the healthconditions of its subjects.

　　C. Walking was the only recreationalacitivity for about half of the women

　　D. Irregular walking increased the risk ofbreast cancer in post-menopausal women

　　35. The word “sustainable”in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to

　　A. continuable

　　B. affordable

　　C. available

　　D. persistent

第5部分，补全短文

补全短文!

　　NEW YORK,NY, January 5,2010. St.Martin’s Press has announced the release of the paperback edition ofPicking Cotton, a remarkable true story of what novelist John Grisham calls an “account of violence, rage, redemption(救赎)，and, ultimately forgiveness.”

　　The story began in 1987, in Burlington, NorthCarolina, with the rape of a young while college student named JenniferThompson. During her ordeal, Thompson swore to herself that she would neverforget the face of her rapist, a man who climbed through the window of herapartment and assaulted her brutally.____F____(46)When the police asked her ifshe could identify the assilant(袭击者)from a book of mugshots, she picked one that she was sure was correct, and later she identifiedthe same man in a lineup.

　　Based on her convincing eye withnesstestimony, a 22-year-old black man named Ronald Cotton was sentenced to prisonfor two life terms. Cotton’s lawyer appealed thedecision, and by the time of the appeals hearing, evidence had come to lightsuggesting that the real rapist might have been a man who looked very likeCotton, an imprisoned criminal named Bobby Poole.__B____(47)Jennifer Thompsonlooked at both men face to face, and once again said that Ronald Cotton was theone who raped her.

　　Eleven years later, DNA evidence completelyexonerated(证明……清白)Cotton and just as unequivocally(明确地) convicted Poole, who confessed to the crime. _____E___(48) “The man I was so sure I had never seen in my life was the man whowas inches from my throat, who raped me, who hurt me, who took my spirit away,who robbed me of my soul,” she wrote. “And the man I had identified so surely on so many occasions wasabsolutely innocent.”

　　____C___(49) Remarkably both were able to putthis tragedy behind them, overcome the racial barrier that divided them, andwrite a book, which they have subtitled “Our memoir ofinjustice and redemption.”

　　Nevertheless, Thompson says, she still lives “with constant pain that my profound mistake cost him so dearly__A____(50)”

　　A. Jennifer Thompson decided to meet Cottonand apologize to him personally.

　　B. Many criminals are sent to prison on thebasis of accurate testimony by eye withnesses.

　　C. I cannot begin to imagine what would havehappened had my mistaken identification occurred in a capital case

　　D. Another trial was held.

　　E. Thompson was shocked and devastated.

　　F. During the attack, she made an effort tomemorize eveery detail of his face, looking for scars, tattoos(纹身)，or other identifying marks.

　　下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

　　Musical Training Can Improve CommunicationSkills

　　American scientists say musical trainingseems to improve communication skills and Language retardation(延迟).They found that developing musical skill involves the_________(51)process in the brain as learning how to speak .The scientists believe thatcould _________ (52)children with learning disabilities .

　　Nina Krauss is a neurobiologist atNorthwestern University in lllinois .She says Musical training _________(53)putting together different kinds of information, such as hearing music,looking at musical notes, touching an instrument and watching other musicians.The ________ (54) is not much different from learning how to speak .Both involvedifferent senses .

　　She further explains musical training andlearning to _________ (55)each make us think about what we are doing .She saysspeech and music ________ (56) through a structure of the nervous system calledthe brain stem .The brain stem ________ (57) our ability to hear .Untilrecently, experts have though the brain stem could not be developed orchanged.________ (58) Professor Krauss and her team found that musical trainingcan improve a person’s brain stem activity.

　　The study involved involved individuals withdifferent levels of musical ________ (59).They were asked to wear an electricaldevice that measures _________ (60) activity. The individuals wore theelectrode while they watched a video of someone speaking and a person playing amusical instrument---the cello(大提琴).Professor Krausesays cello have sound qualities similar _________ (61)some of the sounds thatare important with speech .The study found that the more years of trainingpeople had, the more_________ (62) they were to the sound and rhythm of themusic. Those who were Involved in musical activities were the same people inwhom the ________ (63) of sensory events was the strongest. It shows theimportance of musical training to children with learning ________(64).She saysusing music to improve listening skills could mean they _________ (65) sentencesand understand facial expressions better .

　　51. A. unique B. different C. same D. strange

　　52. A. help B. tell C. remind D .entertain

　　53. A. shapes B. involves C .relates D. enhances

　　54. A. form B. step C. point D. process

　　55. A. play B. sing C. speak D. think

　　56. A. pass B. use C. look D. put

　　57. A. develops B. controls C. assesses D. observes

　　58. A. So  B. Moreover  C. As  D. But

　　59. A. instruments B. ability C. types D. contact

　　60. A. physical B. musical C. speech D. brain

　　61. A. as B. of C. to D. at

　　62. A. familiar B. inactive C. critical D. sensitive

　　63. A. reduction B. improvement C. interference D. implication

　　64. A. styles B. disabilities C. interests D. approaches

　　65. A. read B. write C. hear D. change

一、词汇(1-15) -1分/题-15题

二、阅读判断(16-22) -1分/题-7题

三、概括大意(23-30) -1分/题-8题

四、阅读理解(31-45)-3分/题-15题

五、补齐全文(46-50) -2分/题-5题

六、完形填空(51-65) -1分/题-15题

参考答案

1-15：CDDCD BAADC  DDABA

16-22：AABACBC

23-30：BCDFDAEB

31-45：CBAAD DDCDC ABACA

46-50：FDECA

51-65：CABDC  ABDBD  CDBBC 

---

 

 

第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Take some spare clothes in case you get wet.

A. fine  B. winter  C. outdoor  D. extra

2. Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down.

A. excitement  B. anger  C. calm  D. disappointment

3. The AIDS convention will be held in Glasgow.

A. conference  B. party  C. publish  D. summarize

4. The new service helped boost pre-tax profits by 10%.

A. return  B. realize C. increase  D. double

5. Some comments are just inviting trouble.

A. asking for  B. keeping out of  C. getting into  D. suffering from

6. His knowledge of French is fair.

A. very useful  B. very limited  C. quite good  D. rather special

7. The book raised a storm of controversy.

A. damage  B. voice  C. doubt  D. argument

8. My principal concern is to get the job done fast.

A. serious  B.main C. deep D. particular

9. Lack of space forbids further treatment of the topic here.

A. receives  B. deserves  C. accepts  D. prevents

10. He made a number of rude remarks about the food.

A. comments  B. signs  C. manners  D. noises

11. They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system

A. prove  B. discover  C. consider  D. imagine

12. His heart gave a sudden leap when he saw her.

A. hope  B. jump  C. silence  D. life

13. The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.        

A. parts  B. aspects  C. pains  D. results

14. I’m sure I’ll be able to amuse myself for a few hours.

A. entertain  B. treat C. hold  D. keep

15. Several windows had been smashed.

A. cleaned  B. broken  C. replaced  D. fixed

答案：DDACA CDBDA BBCAB

第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

The Milky Way contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life that's the finding of a new study. It draws on date that came from NASA's top planet-hunting telescope.

A mechanical failure recently put that Kepler space telescope out of service. Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its data have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy. The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.

The authors of a study published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of sciences, conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars, with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun, may host a planet that could support life as we know it.

Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth's, but no more than twice that big. The planet also would have to orbit in a star's habitable zone. That's where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as a liquid.

The new estimate of how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more than 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them. The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see .

The estimate is rough, the authors admit. If applied to the solar system, it would define as habitable a zone starting as close to the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have been in the distant past). Using tighter limits, the researchers estimate that between 4 and 8 out of every 100 Sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world. These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.

Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesn't sound like a big number. It would mean, however, that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a change for life.

 

16. The Kepler space telescope has been in service for 15 years.

A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

17. The main task of the Kepler space telescope is to find out planets with similar conditions to Earth's.

A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

18. The planet that could support life might be a little bit smaller than Earth.

A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

19. The Earth is planet orbiting in the Sun's habitable zone.

A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

20. The new finding is based on a thorough study of 170,000 stars in the Milky Way. 

A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

21. The estimate of the number of planets that could support life is not very accurate.

A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

22. This is the first research finding about the planets with a chance for life. 

A. Right  B. Wrong  C. Not mentioned

答案：CABABAC

第3部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23 ~ 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27 ~ 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

1. Pittsburgh’s many hills aren’t kind to bikers. Anyone hoping to pedal to work there has to contend with steep streets like Canton Avenue, which famously climbs at a nearly 40-degree angle. As a result, some residents avoid biking altogether.

2. But university of Pittsburgh graduate Micah Toll, 23, and a few friends recently launched an invention that they hope will increase the city’s pedal power: An electric bike called a Pulse PEVO. A super-strong battery powers the bicycle. Able to hit nearly 20 miles per hour without pedaling, it zips up the city’s most daunting(令人却步的) hills. Toll hopes it will persuade people in Pittsburgh and elsewhere to get out of their cars and onto bikes.

3. If it sounds like Toll has a knack(窍门) for fixing problems, that’s because he does. In high school, he designed a new type of construction beam. It weighs no more than a feather pillow but can be used to build sturdy(坚固的) homes for refugees fleeing war or natural disaster. For his work, Toll was invited to attend the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF)---- twice, in 2006 and 2007. The annual competition for young researchers is a program of Society for Science& the Public (that’s the parent organization of Science News for Kids). Toll says that when it comes to science, he keeps it simple:”You see a problem and say, ‘How could I solve that?”

4. He’s not the only one to take that approach. Many young researchers get their start by trying to solve a problem or fulfill a need in their own communities. When students dedicate themselves to finding a solution that may benefit their community. “a passion is ignited(点燃),”Finding that passion and fostering it can be the key to many students’ future success.”she says.

23. Paragraph 1 ____E______

24. Paragraph 2 ____D_____ 

25. Paragraph 3 ____ B______

26. Paragraph 4 ____ C ______

A. Intel International Science and Engineering Fair

B. The enthusiasm for solving problems

C. The young researchers’ passion

D. An invention increasing pedal power

E. Why people avoid biking in Pittsburgh

F.The cause of national disaster

27. A Pulse PEVO is powered with ____E______.

28. Toll hopes his Pulse PEVO will encourage people to ___B______.

29. A new construction beam incented by Toll weighs like ___C______.

30. Many young researchers are finding solutions to problems that may ____F_____.

A. a nearly 40-degree angle

B. get on bikes

C. a feather pillow

D. fix more problems

E. a super-strong battery

F. benefit their community

答案：EDBC EBCF

第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇 Compact Disks

  If someone says to you your music CDs don't really hold any music on them, and they only have numbers recorded on them, you may not believe it. In fact, he is right in that sound is actually recorded onto the CDs as special numbers — a digital code. The code is pressed onto the CD as bumps(隆起) on a long spiral track almost five kilometers long. These bumps are an average of 0.5 microns (微米)wide.

  A small laser beam shines onto the bumps as the CD turns. The light is reflected back to a receiver that records how the laser light bounces back. This lets the CD player turn the reflected light back into the original code. This means you can hear the original code as music.

  Digital codes are used with many technologies. E-mail needs these kinds of code numbers. Space probes(探测仪) communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes. Bar codes are read as digital codes in computer systems. Digital communications with cell phones need digital codes. Weather radios also tune in to specific signals using these codes.

  There are many types of compact disks. One format is called CD-RWs. They can be recorded on and re-recorded on(rewritten on)as you would do with a floppy disk(软盘). Another format is the CD-ROM. The technology for recording on these disks is different from other CDs. These CDs have a dye layer that the CD writer can darken or leave clear. The clear and dark spots are the digital code. CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc — Read Only Memory. This disk is like a "super" floppy disk that can hold lots of information. One CD-ROM can hold the same amount of data as 500 floppy disks. Information is permanently recorded onto it. Computer games and other programs are considered to be CD-ROMs.

  CDs were first sold to the public in 1982. These CDs still play well and sound fine. Current CDs are expected to last between 70 to 200 years. Of course, you can make sure your CDs last a long time by taking care of them.

Science keeps on developing. It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented and introduced to the public for music recording. In the meantime, there is no doubt you will continue to enjoy listening to your favorite music on CDs and playing your favorite computer games on CD-ROMs.

 

(出处：2014年职称英语教材理工类概括大意与完成句子    第四篇)

 

31. Music is recorded onto CDs as ______

A. laser beams.

B. digital codes.

C. musical notes.

D. special sounds.

32. E-mail is mentioned in the third paragraph to show ______

A. the variety of digital communications.

B. the development of new technologies.

C. the usefulness of digital codes.

D. the relationship between communication and technology.

33. One of the differences between CD-RWs and CD-ROMs is ______.

A. CD-ROMs can be used for a longer time.

B. CD-ROMs cannot be rewritten on.

C. CD-RWs hold more information.

D. CD-RWs are merely used for music recording.

34. CDs can last a long time if ______.

A. they are seldom used.

B. they play well and sound fine.

C. their users take good care of them.

D. they are developed with new technology.

35. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.

A. CD-ROMs are more expensive than other CDs.

B. new technology for music recording is being developed.

C. the author likes listening to music.

D. floppy disks are no longer in use.

 答案：BCBCB

第二篇 Approaches to Understanding Intelligences

It bays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way .You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different.

Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities .Psychologists have two different views on intelligence .Some believe there is one general intelligence .Others believe there are many different intelligences .

Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests .These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .They do well on tests using words, numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, and written or oral tests .Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.

Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence .The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving .The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction .Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain .

Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education, has four children .He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be tested by one intelligence test .Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he doesn’t think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling .He think that the human mind has different intelligences .These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life .Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences .Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences .

Gardner says that his theory is based on biology .For example ,when one part of the Brain is injured ,other parts of the brain still work .People who cannot talk because of Brain damage can still sing .So ,there is not just one intelligence to lose .Gardner has Identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, Interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的),and naturalistic .

 

36. What is the main idea of this passage?

A. How to understand intelligence.

B. The importance of intelligence.

C. The development of intelligence tests.

D. How to become intelligent.

37. Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence?

A. Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests.

B. People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests.

C. Intelligent people do not do well on group tests.

D. Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests.

38. Gardner believes that ______.

A. children have different intelligences.

B. all children are alike.

C. children should take one intelligence test.

D. there is no general intelligence.

39. According to Gardner, schools should ______.

A. test students’ IQs.

B. train students who do poorly on tests.

C. focus on finding the most intelligent students.

D. promote development of all intelligences.

40. Gardner thinks that his theory has a ______.

A. musical foundation.

B. biological foundation.

C. intrapersonal foundation.

D. linguistic foundation.

 答案：ABADB

第三篇 The Magic of Sound

Music is one of the most beautiful forms of artistic expressions ever invented. In movies and plays, music has an added function1: it not only moves people but also can shock people. Is it true that an ordinary musical instrument can be so powerful?

Our eardrums can withstand sound within 20 to 80 decibels. Once sound exceeds this limit2, even beautiful music will become ear-splitting noise3 and harm health. A strong blast of high sound can twist and break a solid iron sheet. High sound of 150 decibels can kill a healthy rat.

The noise from a plane's engine is over 140 decibels. However, the sound of a flute is at most a few decibels. Therefore, the sound of ordinary musical instruments cannot harm your health. It has been proven that people who have worked in an environment with a high sound intensity for a long time suffer varying degrees of heart disease or altered brain waves.

In movies, sometimes the hero can produce a sound that ordinary people can't hear and only those who have the same ability can feel. In nature, there is actually sound that is beyond our hearing. In physics, the sound that exceeds 20,000 Hz is called ultrasonic. Dolphins, whales and bats can make such high-frequency sound. It does no harm to health.

Sound less than 20 Hz is called infrasonic waves. When we move, the air will vibrate. The vibration of air can produce infrasonic waves. As the frequency of infrasonic waves is close to that of people's internal organs, infrasonic wave may cause resonance in human bodies. As a result, people's vision may weaken and internal organs4 may rupture. However, whether an infrasonic wave can be used as a weapon depends on its intensity5. If its intensity is very low, it won’t damage internal organs or a person's health. If the intensity of infrasonic wave exceeds 160 decibels, it is extremely harmful. When wind blows at a force of 3 or 4 over the sea6, it will produce infrasonic waves of several decibels. Only typhoons can produce infrasonic waves of over 100 decibels. At present, scientists can only produce infrasonic weapons in the lab with the help of advanced scientific tools and powerful electric power.

 (出处：2014年职称英语教材理工类补全短文第5篇)

 

41. What could be the best title of this passage?

A. The power of music.

B. The harms of noises.

C. The magic of sound.

D. The discovery of infrasonic waves.

42. What does the author say about music?

A. It may be harmful to people’s health.

B. It always cheers people up.

C. It is often very difficult to understand.

D. It sounds better when it is loud enough.

43. It is true that the sound ______.

A. of nature is the most beautiful.

B. of high intensity benefits animals.

C. in movies is pleasing to the ear.

D. over 80 decibels is harmful to people.

44. An ultrasonic sound ______.

A. is very loud.

B. does harm to people’s health.

C. is produced by the hero in movies.

D. cannot be heard by people.

45. It can be found from the last paragraph that infrasonic waves ______.

A. are harmless to people’s health.

B. exist in people’s internal organs.

C. can be used as deadly weapons.

D. can improve eyesight.

 答案：CADDC

第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。

Humor and laughter are good for us. There is increasing evidence that they can heal us physically, mentally, emotionally, and spiritually. In fact, every system of the body responds to laughter in some positive, healing way. So how can we get more laughter into our lives?__B___(46)Psychologist and author, Steve Wilson, has some answers.

Many people believe that we are born with a sense of humor. They think, “either you’ve got it, or you don’t.” Dr. Wilson points out that this is false. __D__(47)

The parts of the brain and central nervous system that control laughing and smiling are mature at birth. ___C__ (48) (After all, when a baby laughs, we don’t rush over and say, “That kid has a great sense of humor!”) A sense of humor is something that you can develop over a lifetime.

Sometimes people think that they don’t have a good sense of humor because they are not good joke tellers. Dr. Wilson reminds us that telling jokes is only one of many ways to express humor. __A___(49) Then we will make others laugh, too.

A person who has a true sense of humor is willing and able to see the funny side of everyday life. One of the best definitions of a sense of humor is “the ability to see the nonserious element in a situation.” Consider this sign from a store window. “Any faulty merchandise will be cheerfully replaced with merchandise of equal quality.” The store manager probably placed the sign in the window to impress customers with the store’s excellent service__F__ (50) As Dr. Wilson says, “a good sense of humor means that you don’t have to be funny, you just have to see what’s funny.”

A. He advises us to lose our inhibitions(抑制) and try to laugh at ourselves.

B. Is it possible to develop a sense of humor?

C. However, that does not mean that infants have a sense of humor.

D. What is true, however, is that we are born with the capacity to laugh and smile.

E. Everyone experiences this emotion.

F. He had a serious purpose, but if you have a sense of humor, you will probably find the sign funny!

 答案：BDCAF

第6部分：完形填空（第61—65题，每题1分，共15分）

Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events — flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring — all around the world. But ecologists can't be (51) so they're turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help.

  Climate scientists are not present everywhere. (52) there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, they're asking for your help in g (53) signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages  (54) people to observe a very specific research interest — birds, trees, flowers budding, etc.—and send their observations (55) a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a  (56) amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. (57) like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. (58) that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and(59) it in.

  A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year(60) the National Phenology Network. “Phenology” is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.

  One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists (61) to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project Bud Burst, collects life cycle (62) on a variety of common p, lants from across the United States.

People participating in the project — which is (63) to everyone — record their observations on the Project Bud Burst website.

“People don't (64) to be plant experts — they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,” says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with the project. “As we collect this data, we'll be able to make an estimate of (65) plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the cl, im, ate chan, ges.”

(出处：2014年职称英语教材理工类阅读理解    第三篇)

51. A. everywhere B. anywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere

52. A. if B. Although C. When D. Because

53. A. giving B. showing C. developing D. observing

54. A. special B. professional C. skillful D. ordinary

55. A. on B. at C. to D. with

56. A. small B. limited C. simple D. large

57. A. Very B. Much C. As D. Many

58. A. All B. Any C. Some D. Most

59. A. send B. print C. answer D. keep

60. A. known B. featured C. belonged D. called

61. A. alike B. like C. unlike D. likely

62. A. points B. wonders C. data D. interests

63. A. common B. suitable C. open D. strange

64. A. want B. forget C. mind D. have

65. A. who B. how C. before D. since

答案：ADDDC DBAAD ACCDB